CBSE Implements Three-Language Policy Starting July 2026

In a significant move aligned with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has announced that students of Classes 9 and 10 will study three languages starting from the 2026-27 academic session. The decision aims to strengthen multilingual education across schools.

Details of the Revised Policy

Under the new structure, students will study three languages, labelled R1, R2, and R3. The board has mandated that at least two of these languages must be Indian languages, reflecting its commitment to promoting cultural diversity. As per CBSE guidelines, R2 must differ from R1, while R3 must be distinct from both R1 and R2.

Official Circular Outlines Changes

The CBSE issued a circular detailing the implementation of the policy. It stated, “Effective July 1, 2026, for Class IX, the study of three languages (R1, R2, R3) shall be compulsory, with at least two languages being native Indian languages.” The directive corresponds to the NEP 2020 and the National Curriculum Framework for School Education (NCF-SE) 2023.

Internal Assessment for Third Language

To ensure that students are not overburdened academically, CBSE clarified that the third language (R3) will not be subject to a Class 10 board exam. Instead, it will be assessed through internal evaluation. Marks for R3 will be included on final certificates, with exemptions provided for Children with Special Needs (CwSN) and foreign-return students.

Key Features of the New Policy

• Students in Classes 9 and 10 are required to study three languages, designated as R1, R2, and R3.
• At least two of the languages must be Indian languages, emphasizing multilingual education.
• The initiative is aligned with NEP 2020 and the NCF-SE 2023 framework.
• The change seeks to foster greater cultural integration and linguistic understanding among students.

Transitioning Materials

Until new teaching materials are developed, schools will utilize Class 6-level textbooks for the third language in Classes 9 and 10. CBSE has advised schools to incorporate supplementary content such as poems, short stories, and regional literature to enhance learning.

Measures to Address Teacher Availability

To mitigate potential teacher shortages, CBSE has announced flexible arrangements, including teacher sharing through Sahodaya clusters, hybrid learning models, hiring retired language teachers, and appointing qualified postgraduate instructors.

Timeline and Preparations

The three-language policy will take effect from July 1, 2026, offering schools ample time for preparation. CBSE plans to issue detailed teaching guidelines and supplementary instructions by June 15, 2026.