Endangered Species in UAE to Know for National Species Day

May 20 is National Endangered Species Day, an important reminder of our duty to protect vulnerable wildlife. Among the desert dunes and mountains, several endangered species in UAE fight for survival. From majestic mammals to rare birds, each plays a vital role in maintaining ecological balance. 

Spotlight on Endangered Species in UAE 

Home to rich biodiversity, the UAE supports a variety of endangered species. These animals face growing threats from urbanization, climate change, and habitat loss. On this National Endangered Species Day, here’s a look at some of the most threatened animals native to the Emirates. 

1. Arabian Leopard 

One of the rarest big cats on earth, the Arabian Leopard is critically endangered. Native to the Hajar Mountains, it faces extinction due to habitat loss and hunting. Conservationists are working on breeding and protection programs to help preserve this elusive predator. 

2. Arabian Tahr 

This mountain goat species is native to the rocky cliffs of the UAE and Oman. With its thick coat and curved horns, the Arabian Tahr is adapted to arid terrain but is endangered due to habitat fragmentation and poaching pressures. 

3. Hawksbill Turtle 

A regular visitor to UAE beaches, the Hawksbill Turtle is classified as critically endangered. Threatened by pollution, fishing nets, and coastal development, these turtles rely on protected nesting sites to ensure their future in regional waters. 

4. Arabian Oryx 

Once extinct in the wild, the Arabian Oryx has made a remarkable comeback thanks to reintroduction programs. Still listed as vulnerable, it symbolizes successful conservation but requires ongoing protection from habitat encroachment and illegal hunting. 

5. Houbara Bustard 

The Houbara Bustard is a desert-dwelling bird facing threats from hunting and habitat destruction. Highly regarded in Arab culture, it’s now protected under several breeding and conservation projects led by UAE-based wildlife organizations. 

6. Sand Cat 

Rarely seen in the wild, the Sand Cat is a small desert feline with excellent camouflage skills. Despite its resilience, it remains endangered due to shrinking habitats and limited sightings, making it difficult to monitor populations effectively. 

7. Socotra Cormorant 

Endemic to the Arabian Gulf, the Socotra Cormorant is under threat from oil spills, overfishing, and human disturbances. These seabirds nest on remote islands in the UAE and require strict protection to survive in fragile coastal ecosystems. 

8. Green Turtle 

The Green Turtle frequents UAE’s offshore waters and nesting beaches. While larger than the Hawksbill, it faces similar dangers from plastic pollution and accidental capture in fishing gear. Conservation zones help safeguard these gentle sea creatures. 

9. Arabian Caracal 

With its distinctive tufted ears, the Arabian Caracal is a rare wildcat adapted to desert life. However, habitat loss and human-wildlife conflict have led to a steady population decline, making focused conservation crucial for its survival. 

Recognizing the endangered species in UAE on May 20 highlights the urgency of wildlife conservation. These species are more than icons—they are essential to the ecological fabric of the region. Continued awareness, education, and protection are key to ensuring future generations can witness the UAE's natural heritage.